I installed NomadBSD (User: “Nomad”) from my original USB stick to another USB stick (User: “Settler”) using the built-in NomadBSD installer.
Then on the “Settler” NomadBSD USB stick, upgrading perl5 and reinstalling qt6-base worked as expected in OctoPkg, see below.
Thanks to Rainer for the crucial tip in this thread:
Erfahrungsbericht NomadBSD 14 ZFS